Douglas XA-2

XA-2
Type	Attack
Manufacturer	Douglas
Status	Prototype
Primary user	U.S. Army Air Corps
Number built	1
Developed from	Douglas O-2

The Douglas XA-2 was a prototype attack aircraft converted from the last O-2 observation plane in the spring of 1926 by Douglas Aircraft. The reason for the choice of nomenclature lay in the prior existence of the Cox Kleming A-1 ambulance plane, and possible confusion caused by the similar designations. There was also an A-2 ambulance plane - a modification of the Fokker T-2 (Type F-IV) - but it had been decommissioned before the launch of the Douglas A-2.

While the basic structure of the plane remained, there were several modifications made to better suit its new role as a fighter aircraft. First, the water-cooled Liberty engine (V-1650) of the O-2 was replaced by an air-cooled V-1410 inverted (cylinder heads down) Liberty engine. The reason for this was that water cooling system was seen as too vulnerable to enemy attack. The lower engine cowlings were omitted to allow for more cooling air flow over the engine. Second, the A-2 was more heavily armed than the O-2. The A-2 had six forward firing .30-caliber Browning machine guns--two in the nose forward of the cockpit, and two each in the mid-upper and lower wings. Two .30-caliber Lewis guns were put on a flexible mount for use by the observer-gunner in rear defense of the aircraft. The aircraft also had the capacity for a small bomb load of 100 lb (45 kg).

The Douglas XA-2 was evaluated against the Curtiss XA-3 (a conversion of the Curtiss O-1B observation plane). The Douglas aircraft won the initial competition, but the Army realized that the Liberty engine was both under-powered and in dwindling supply. It ordered a second competition with both models upgraded with Packard 1A-1500 engines. The Curtiss aircraft won this time and became the U.S. Army Air Corps' front-line attack aircraft (Curtiss A-3 Attack Falcon) from 1928 to 1935.

Contract details

• Number Built/Converted: 1 (cv)
• Serial number: 25-380
• Air Corps designation XP-472
• Conversion contract signed in March 1926

Specifications

• Wingspan: 39 ft 8 in (12.09 m)
• Length: 29 ft 7 in (9.02 m)
• Height: 11 ft (3.4 m)
• Weight: 4985 lb (2260 kg) gross take off weight
• Armament: Six forward firing .30-cal. (12.7 mm) Browning machine guns and 2 flexible .30-cal. Lewis machine guns plus provisions for 100 lb (45 kg) of bombs mounted on lower wing racks.
• Engine: V-1410 Inverted Liberty of 433 hp (323 kW)
• Crew: Two - Pilot & observer-rear gunner

Performance

• Maximum speed: 130 mph (210 km/h)
• Cruising speed: 100 mph (160 km/h)
• Range: approximately 400 miles (600 km)
• Service Ceiling: approximately 15,000 ft (4,500 m)

Related content

Related development

• Douglas O-2

Comparable aircraft

• A-3 Falcon

Designation sequence
A-2 - A-3 - A-4 - A-5 - A-6 - XA-7 - A-8 Related lists

• List of military aircraft of the United States

See also

Douglas military aircraft

Naval Fighters: XFD · F3D · F4D · F5D · XF6D - Fighters: XP-48 · P-70 · F-6 · F-10

Naval Attack: DT · T2D · XT3D · BT · TBD · SBD · XBTD · XTB2D · AD · XA2D · A3D · A4D

Bomber: YB-7 · YB-11 · B-18 · XB-19 · XB-22 · B-23 · B-26 · XB-31 · XB-42 · XB-43 · B-66

Attack: XA-2 · A-20 · A-24 · A-26 · A-1 · A-3 · A-4

Reconnaissance: O-2 · OD · O2D · O-31 · O-35 · YO-44 · YOA-5 · PD · P2D · P3D

Transports: C-1 · C-21 · C-39 · C-47 · C-53 · C-54 · C-58 · UC-67 · C-74 · C-110 · C-118 · C-124 · C-133 · C-24

Naval Transports: RD · R2D · R3D · R4D · R5D · JD · R6D - Experimental: DWC · D-558-1 · D-558-2 · X-3